刘龙珠律师法律评论：2017年开始，开车不能拿手机了

刘龙珠律师法律评论：2017年开始，开车不能拿手机了

2016年9月26日，加州州长布朗正式签署通过了众议院1785号法案，全面禁止开车时玩手机等分心驾驶行为。该法案即将在2017年1月1日生效，开车的人要注意了，今后任何开车时用手碰手机的行为都算违规。

现行的加州交规只是禁止司机在开车时使用无线电子设备来“读、写、寄送简讯”，除非该无线电子设备可以使用声音等智能方式（即无需用手操作）来操作，并且司机在开车时并未使用手来操作该无线电子设备。

而加州新交规进一步拓展了违规范围，禁止司机在开车时“手持并操作”无线电子设备，除非该无线电子设备可以使用声音等智能方式（即无需用手操作）来操作，并且司机在开车时并未使用手来操作该无线电子设备。

这里的无线电子设备包括但不限于手机、收音机、电脑、呼机等。但是车内自带的或者内嵌的电子设备除外。

只有当以下两个条件同时满足时，才可以在开车的时候用手操作无线电子设备：

1、 该无线电子设备采取了车载GPS的安装方式，安装在车辆挡风玻璃上；或者安装在车辆仪表板或者中央控制台上，并且不会阻挡司机的视线；

2、 司机用手操作无线电子设备的动作仅限于用手指滑动一次电子设备的屏幕或者按动一次电子设备上的某按钮来启动或者关闭该无线电子设备。

也就是说，从2017年开始，不仅开车时用手机属违规，就连开车时拿着手机都是违规。而且，不仅仅是开车时触碰手机，就连开车时调试车内广播、看地图等行为都是禁止的。只有非常有限的情况下才可以用手碰手机。

初次违反新交规需交罚金20美元，第二次及以后再违反此交规需交罚金50美元。

新交规不适用于紧急情况下，在急救车辆中使用无线电子设备。

An act to repeal and add Section 23123.5 of the Vehicle Code, relating to vehicles.

[ Approved by Governor  September 26, 2016. Filed with Secretary of State  September 26, 2016. ]

LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGEST

AB 1785, Quirk. Vehicles: use of wireless electronic devices.

Existing law prohibits a person from driving a motor vehicle while using an electronic wireless communications device to write, send, or read a text-based communication, as defined, unless the electronic wireless communications device is specifically designed and configured, and is used, to allow voice-operated and hands-free operation, as specified. A violation of these provisions is an infraction.

This bill would instead prohibit a person from driving a motor vehicle while holding and operating a handheld wireless telephone or a wireless electronic communication device, as defined. The bill would authorize a driver to operate a handheld wireless telephone or a wireless electronic communications device in a manner requiring the use of the driver’s hand only under specified conditions. By changing the definition of a crime, the bill would impose a state-mandated local program.

The California Constitution requires the state to reimburse local agencies and school districts for certain costs mandated by the state. Statutory provisions establish procedures for making that reimbursement.

This bill would provide that no reimbursement is required by this act for a specified reason.

DIGEST KEY

Vote: majority   Appropriation: no   Fiscal Committee: yes   Local Program: yes  

BILL TEXT

THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:

SECTION 1.

 Section 23123.5 of the Vehicle Code is repealed.

SEC. 2.

 Section 23123.5 is added to the Vehicle Code, to read:

23123.5.

 (a) A person shall not drive a motor vehicle while holding and operating a handheld wireless telephone or an electronic wireless communications device unless the wireless telephone or electronic wireless communications device is specifically designed and configured to allow voice-operated and hands-free operation, and it is used in that manner while driving.

(b) This section shall not apply to manufacturer-installed systems that are embedded in the vehicle.

(c) A handheld wireless telephone or electronic wireless communications device may be operated in a manner requiring the use of the driver’s hand while the driver is operating the vehicle only if both of the following conditions are satisfied:

(1) The handheld wireless telephone or electronic wireless communications device is mounted on a vehicle’s windshield in the same manner a portable Global Positioning System (GPS) is mounted pursuant to paragraph (12) of subdivision (b) of Section 26708 or is mounted on or affixed to a vehicle’s dashboard or center console in a manner that does not hinder the driver’s view of the road.

(2) The driver’s hand is used to activate or deactivate a feature or function of the handheld wireless telephone or wireless communications device with the motion of a single swipe or tap of the driver’s finger.

(d) A violation of this section is an infraction punishable by a base fine of twenty dollars ($20) for a first offense and fifty dollars ($50) for each subsequent offense.

(e) This section does not apply to an emergency services professional using an electronic wireless communications device while operating an authorized emergency vehicle, as defined in Section 165, in the course and scope of his or her duties.

(f) For the purposes of this section, “electronic wireless communications device” includes, but is not limited to, a broadband personal communication device, a specialized mobile radio device, a handheld device or laptop computer with mobile data access, a pager, or a two-way messaging device.

SEC. 3.

 No reimbursement is required by this act pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution because the only costs that may be incurred by a local agency or school district will be incurred because this act creates a new crime or infraction, eliminates a crime or infraction, or changes the penalty for a crime or infraction, within the meaning of Section 17556 of the Government Code, or changes the definition of a crime within the meaning of Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution.