President Rutherford B. Hayes had been forced to veto Congress’ 1879 bill because it violated the Burlingame treaty, so he sent diplomat James Angell to negotiate a new treaty. In 1880, the new Angel
Attempts by states like California to impose limits on Chinese immigration had violated the Burlingame-Seward Treaty, as did an 1879 attempt by Congress. President Rutherford B. Hayes had been forced
In the late 1870s, advocates for restricting Chinese immigration began to gain ground in Congress. The Democratic Party, prominent in the Western states, wanted a full ban on Chinese immigration. Atte