总务署长致函拜登公文：强调"不代表认证胜选者"
来源：倍可亲(backchina.com) 专题：美国总统拜登最新动态！美国总统大选至今仍未宣布胜选者，而现任总统川普也正在进行法律诉讼，原先拒不启动过渡程序，被民主党痛批「卡登」的美国联邦总务署（GSA）署长墨菲（Emily Murphy）最终在23日致函拜登(专题)，通知拜登团队可准备启动正式的政权移交过程。
起初外界认为此举如同川普默认拜登胜选，但墨菲在过渡通知函上强调，GSA不会认证或确定总统胜选者，启动过渡程序的决定是基于「事态发展」，而总统大选真正的胜选者，将由宪法详细规范的选举程序来确定。以下为该封通知信的中文翻译内容：
2020年11月23日
致尊敬的小约瑟夫·R·拜登
1401 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20230
亲爱的拜登先生：
身为美国总务署长，我基于在1963年修订的《总统交接法》，有权力提供相关的资源与服务，在总统大选后协助总统进行交接工作，参见《美国法典》第3卷102条的注释（《总统交接法》）；我严肃的担任这个角色，由于近期关于法律挑战与选举结果认证的事态发展，我在今天将这封信转递给您，以便向您提供相关的资源与服务。
我成年后，将大部分的时间奉献在公共服务上，而且也一直努力做正确的事；请注意，我是依据法律以及现有的独立事实所做出决定，我的决策与时机均未受到任何行政官员（包括白宫以及GSA）的直接或间接压力，明确来说，我并未收到任何要求延误决定的指示；然而，我确实收到透过网路、电话与信件，针对我、我的家人及员工，甚至是我的宠物的安全威胁，藉此迫使我过早做出这个决定；但即使面对成千上万的威胁，我也始终致力于捍卫法律。
与媒体的报导及影射所相反的是，我的决定并非出于恐惧或偏袒；与之相反，我坚信该法规是要求GSA署长「确定」（ascertain），而非「强行确立」（impose）显而易见的总统当选者；然而不幸的是，《总统过渡法案》并没有为总统过渡制定程序或标准，因此我参考过去的选举中，所涉及法律质疑和不完整计票的事件寻找先例； GSA不会判定法律争议与重新计票的结果，也不会判定这类的法律诉讼是否合理与正当，这些问题应是由美国宪法、联邦法律和州法，移交给选票认证程序以及具有管辖权的法院去判决，我认为负责改善联邦採购与财产管理的机构，不应将自身置于宪法所规范的选举程序之上；我强烈敦促国会考虑对《总统交接法》进行修正。
如您所知，GSA署长不会选定或认证总统选举的胜选者，相反的是，根据《总统过渡法案》，GSA局长的权力行使范围反而相当狭窄：提供与总统过渡期有关的资源和服务；如上所述，由于最近的事态发展涉及法律挑战和选举结果认证，我决定您可以使用《总统交接法》第3节中所规范的选后资源和服务；而总统大选真正的胜选者，将由宪法详细规范的选举程序来确定。
根据《总统交接法》第七节以及2020年10月1日的《公共法》第116-159号规定，将提供直到2020年12月11日为止的持续拨款，为您提供630万整美元（约1.79亿新台币）以用于执行《总统交接法》第3节的内容；此外，根据《公共法》第116-159号规定，授权拨款100万美元（约2849万新台币），用于新任命官员的介绍会以及编写过渡指南；仅在此提醒您，《总统交接法》第6节规范您有进行申报的义务，以此作为从GSA得到服务与资金的条件。
如果还需要任何帮助，请联繫联邦过渡协调专员玛丽·吉尔伯特女士（Ms. Mary D. Gibert）。
谨上
艾蜜莉·W·墨菲
署长
美国总务署
美国联邦总务署（GSA）署长墨菲致函给拜登的过渡公文。（图撷取自《NBC》）
美国联邦总务署（GSA）署长墨菲致函给拜登的过渡公文。（图撷取自《NBC》）
以下为该封通知信的英文原文内容：
November 23, 2020
The Honorable Joseph R. Biden, Jr.
1401 Constitution Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20230
Dear Mr. Biden:
As the Administrator of the U.S. General Services Administration, I have the ability under the Presidential Transition Act of 1963, as amended, to make certain post-election resources and services available to assist in the event of a presidential transition. See 3 U.S.C. § 102 note （the "Act"）. I take this role seriously and, because of recent developments involving legal challenges and certifications of election results, am transmitting this letter today to make those resources and services available to you.
I have dedicated much of my adult life to public service, and I have always strived to do what is right. Please know that I came to my decision independently, based on the law and available facts. I was never directly or indirectly pressured by any Executive Branch official—including those who work at the White House or GSA—with regard to the substance or timing of my decision.To be clear, I did not receive any direction to delay my determination. I did, however, receive threats online, by phone, and by mail directed at my safety, my family, my staff, and even my pets in an effort to coerce me into making this determination prematurely. Even in the face of thousands of threats, I always remained committed to upholding the law.
Contrary to media reports and insinuations, my decision was not made out of fear or favoritism. Instead, I strongly believe that the statute requires that the GSA Administrator ascertain, not impose, the apparent president-elect. Unfortunately, the statute provides no procedures or standards for this process, so I looked to precedent from prior elections involving legal challenges and incomplete counts. GSA does not dictate the outcome of legal disputes and recounts, nor does it determine whether such proceedings are reasonable or justified. These are issues that the Constitution, federal laws, and state laws leave to the election certification process and decisions by courts of competent jurisdiction. I do not think that an agency charged with improving federal procurement and property management should place itself above the constitutionally-based election process. I strongly urge Congress to consider amendments to the Act.
As you know, the GSA Administrator does not pick or certify the winner of a presidential election. Instead, the GSA Administrator’s role under the Act is extremely narrow: to make resources and services available in connection with a presidential transition. As stated, because of recent developments involving legal challenges and certifications of election results, I have determined that you may access the post-election resources and services described in Section 3 of the Act upon request. The actual winner of the presidential election will be determined by the electoral process detailed in the Constitution.
Section 7 of the Act and Public Law 116-159, dated October 1, 2020, which provides continuing appropriations until December 11, 2020, makes $6,300,000 available to you to carry out the provisions of Section 3 of the Act. In addition, $1,000,000 is authorized, pursuant to Public Law 116-159, to provide appointee orientation sessions and a transition directory. I remind you that Section 6 of the Act imposes reporting requirements on you as a condition for receiving services and funds from GSA.
If there is anything we can do to assist you, please contact Ms. Mary D. Gibert, the Federal Transition Coordinator.
Sincerely,
Emily W. Murphy
Administrator
U.S. General Services Administration
