美网友:既然中国强大,为啥看不到中国的影响力?

美网友:既然中国强大,为啥看不到中国的影响力?

　　最近网上看到一段外国人的留言：“日本(专题)是唯一能在软实力上与美国抗衡的国家！日本的料理、和服、剑道、茶道、艺伎、动漫、游戏都非常酷，在全球有庞大的粉丝。韩国虽然在流行文化上具有很大影响力，但软实力与日本相比还差得远！中国的文化元素则显得很传统，中餐、旗袍、红灯笼、舞狮子是我能想到的仅有的中国文化元素。”

　　结合到波士顿(专题)的现实状况，疫情前，每年举办的日本节都是人山人海，吸引了不同族裔的人群和学生。反观华人(专题)做主办的亚美节，人数虽不少，但在吸引非华裔(专题)和社区影响力上与之差距是肉眼可见的。在美版知乎Quora上，美国网友提问道：如果中国如此强大，我这个美国人为什么看不到中国的影响力？我们看看各国网友的回答。

　　问题

　　海外网友玛雅•凯瑟的回答

　　Let me make a hypothesis. When you talk about "the influence I feel", you actually mean "how much contact he has with us in life".

　　我做个假设，当你谈论“我感受到的影响力”时，实际上指的是“他和我们在生活上有多少必要联系”。

　　For example, the following are the top five Fortune Global 500 companies:

　　例如，以下是《财富》世界500强的前5名：

　　1. Wal Mart (USA)

　　1.沃尔玛（美国）

　　2. State Grid (China)

　　2.国家电网（中国）

　　3. Sinopec Group (China)

　　3.中石化集团（中国）

　　4. China National Petroleum Corporation (China)

　　4.中国石油天然气集团公司（中国）

　　5. Toyota Motor (Japan)

　　5.丰田汽车（日本）

　　Three fifths are Chinese companies.

　　五分之三是中国公司。

　　You must know Wal Mart because you buy things there. You know Toyota, because you or people you know own a Toyota, and you know them because they affect you more or less in life.

　　你肯定知道沃尔玛，因为你在那里买东西。你知道丰田，因为你或你认识的人拥有一辆丰田，你认识他们是因为他们在生活中或多或少影响着你。

　　You don't know much about the State Grid, because you don't need electricity from China. In the United States, you use the oil from ExxonMobil's gas station, so you don't know Sinopec or National Petroleum Company, and you have nothing to do with them.

　　你不太了解国家电网，因为你不需要中国的电力。在美国，你使用着埃克森美孚石油公司加油站的石油，所以你不知道中石化或国家石油公司，你和他们没什么关系。

　　You may not be familiar with these three companies because they focus on domestic business. However, for companies involved in globalization, they are an essential part of the production chain, but they have no direct business dealings with you.

　　也许你不熟悉这三家公司，因为它们专注于国内业务。然而，对于参与全球化的公司来说，他们是生产链的必要环节，却和你们并没有直接的业务往来。

　　If you think about your iPhone, you may not know that all iPhones are made by 18 global OEM companies, 14 of which are from China. They have business relations with Apple, but have no business relations with you.

　　再想想你手上的iPhone，也许你不知道所有iPhone都是由18家全球OEM公司制造的，其中14家来自中国，他们与苹果公司有业务往来，但与你没有业务往来。

　　Besides, I must be frank because you don't pay attention to news or current affairs. In short, you are out of touch with society. If you pay attention to business news and current events and the environment around you, you will notice more, and you choose to ignore the impact. Let me give some examples:

　　除此之外，如果你感受不到中国的影响，我必须坦率地说，原因是你不关注新闻或时事。总之，你与社会脱节了。如果你关注商业新闻和时事，关注你周遭的环境，你会注意到更多，而你选择无视这种影响。让我举几个例子：

　　(1) For example, most investors and people who focus on business and stocks know that "FANG" - Facebook, Amazon, Netflix and Google. How many people have heard of "BAT" - Baidu, Alibaba and Tencent, which are the most successful technology stocks in China. Investors and business professionals have heard of it. Ordinary people may only have heard of "FANG." Two of the three companies are listed companies in New York. The third is listed companies in Hong Kong, which has ADR (American Depositary Receipts) in New York.

　　（1） 例如，大多数投资者和关注商业和股票的人都知道“FANG”——Facebook、亚马逊、Netflix和谷歌，有多少人听说过“BAT”——百度、阿里巴巴和腾讯，这是中国最成功的科技股。投资者和商业专业人士都听说过。普通人可能只听说过“FANG。“三家公司中有两家是纽约(专题)的上市公司。第三家是香港(专题)的上市公司，在纽约有ADR（美国存托凭证）。

　　(2) For example, property and ownership. Some of the most famous properties are partly or wholly owned by China or Chinese companies. (e.g. Waldorf Hotel, New York). In addition, New York has a second Chinese town in Flushing, Queens, where there are huge and beautiful houses, mainly speaking Mandarin. Cantonese is spoken in the traditional Chinatown. I heard that 70% of the homeowners in California are from Chinese Mainland.

　　（2） 例如，财产和所有权。一些最知名的房产部分或全部由中国或中国公司拥有。（例如纽约华尔道夫酒店）。此外，纽约在皇后区法拉盛有第二个中国小镇，那里有巨大而漂亮的房子，主要讲普通话。传统的唐人街讲广东话。我听说加州(专题)70%的房主是中国大陆人。

　　(3) For example, have you been to the center of some of our big cities recently? Even a few years ago, I was still in downtown San Francisco. I could hear most people speak Chinese when I walked around. Most stores accept Chinese debit cards. You may go to the center of many big cities and find this. Even universities have more and more Chinese students, and some universities even set a limit on the number of Chinese students.

　　（3） 例如，最近你去过我们一些大城市的中心区吗？甚至几年前，我还在旧金山(专题)市中心，到处走动都能听到大多数人说汉语，大多数商店都接受中国借记卡。你可能会去许多大城市的中心地区，发现这一点。就连大学也有越来越多的中国学生，有些大学甚至为此设置了中国人数上限。

　　(4) For example, before and after the Chinese New Year last year, some of the most famous shopping centers in California hired Chinese speaking employees to be "friendly to Chinese people". Many stores have Chinese signs accepting Chinese debit card providers. Some people even accept China's mobile payment now.

　　（4） 例如，去年中国春节前后，加利福尼亚州一些最著名的购物中心雇佣了讲中文的员工，以示“对中国人友好”，许多商店都有接受中国借记卡提供商的中文标识。有些人现在甚至接受了中国的移动支付。

　　News headlines often talk about China, because trade and relations with China are an important topic for the current President. Try to read more news, which is very helpful for you to broaden your horizons.

　　新闻头条经常谈论中国，因为与中国的贸易和关系是现任总统的一个重要话题，试着多看看新闻吧，对你开阔眼界很有好处。

　　德国专家理查德•爱德华的回答

　　China has less influence on consumers. After all, after buying a computer, we will not find out where it is produced. Its real influence lies in the geopolitical level, which is what our American government really pays attention to:

　　中国在消费者层面的影响较小，毕竟买完一台电脑后不会追究它是在哪生产的，而其真正的影响力在于地缘政治层面，这才是我们美国政府真正关注的：

　　● The American media attacked China around the clock, just like a crazy serial killer stalking maniac;

　　● 美国媒体对中国进行了全天候的抨击，就像一个疯狂的跟踪狂，连环犯罪嫌疑人；

　　● The US military has been conducting war simulation and is very crazy, because they will fail to attack actively in every case, unless nuclear weapons are used;

　　● 美国军方一直在进行战争模拟，而且非常疯狂，因为他们在每一种情况下主动进攻都会失败；

　　● The US presidential candidates constantly attacked China in their speeches and policies before and after the election;

　　● 美国总统候选人总是在选举前后的演讲和政策中不断抨击中国；

　　● The United States prohibits Huawei, ZTE and other competitive products from competing because these products have replaced Cisco in other markets in the past decade;

　　● 美国禁止华为(专题)和中兴等竞争产品竞争，因为在过去十年中，这些产品已经在其他市场取代了思科；

　　● The United States begged its "allies" not to join the AIIB... but they did anyway.

　　● 美国恳求其“盟友”不要加入亚投行……但他们无论如何还是加入了。

　　● In addition to the illegal invasion and destruction of the Middle East, the largest foreign policy goal of the United States is the "Pivot to Asia". The TPP and the US Japan India Australia Quartet are both set up against China in military and economic aspects.

　　● 除了对中东的非法入侵和破坏之外，美国最大的外交政策目标是“亚洲轴心”（Pivot to Asia），TPP和美日印澳四方联盟都是针对中国在军事和经济方面而设立的。

　　● The US military claims that DF21D has changed the face of the war because it makes the US aircraft carrier no longer indestructible;

　　● 美国军方声称东风21D改变了战争的面貌，因为它使美国的航空母舰不再是不可摧毁的了；

　　● China has just surpassed the United States and has two of the world's most powerful supercomputers, one of which contains all Chinese components - this is a response to our ban on Intel from selling chips to them. We thought we could stop them, but that would only accelerate their development.

　　● 中国刚刚超越美国，拥有两台世界上最强大的超级计算机，其中一台包含所有中国部件——这是对我们禁止英特尔向他们出售芯片的回应。我们以为我们可以阻止他们，但这只会加速他们的发展。

　　● We forbid them/prohibit them from entering NASA and other high-tech institutions to slow them down. Instead, they will be the only country with a space station in a few years.

　　● 我们禁止他们/禁止他们进入美国宇航局和其他高科技机构，以减缓他们的速度。相反，他们将是几年后唯一一个拥有空间站的国家。

　　美国网友巴勃罗的回答

　　Language, education and biased media are the main reasons.

　　语言、教育和偏见媒体是主要原因。

　　Chinese is very different from Latin. Unless you spend a lot of time studying, you can't understand the language at all. Spanish, Italian, German, these languages you can more or less understand (of course, with a strong accent) or guess the meaning (when you see similar words), but not Chinese. Although Chinese is a popular teaching language in schools, only a small part of the population can understand and read Chinese (excluding Chinese Americans).

　　汉语与拉丁语非常不同，除非你花费相当长的时间学习，否则你根本无法理解这门语言。西班牙语、意大利语、德语，这些语言你或多或少都能读懂（当然带着浓重的口音）或猜出意思（当你看到类似的单词时），但汉语不行。虽然汉语在学校中是一种流行的教学语言，但只有一小部分人口能够理解和阅读汉语（不包括美国华裔后裔）。

　　So, you don't understand Chinese, you can't watch Chinese plays, listen to Chinese music, and read Chinese posts on Zhihu (Quora in Chinese, in my opinion, is a more professional discussion website than Quora). You can't see that. China's soft power does not exist for you.

　　所以，你不懂中文，你不会看中文剧，听中文音乐，看中文网帖子知乎 （中文版Quora，在我看来，与Quora相比，这是一个更专业的讨论网站）。你看不到这些，中国的软实力对你来说是不存在的。

　　Throughout the pre college education in the United States, we do not know much about China, especially modern China. I studied in the United States for one year in middle school and one year in high school, so I can't say that everyone does not know China, but from my personal experience, this is the case. China always appears as a non ally, and sometimes becomes an enemy in the Korean War and other chapters. This is how American politics manipulates public thought. To some extent, you can't see it, imperceptibly, it is there.

　　纵观美国的大学预科教育，对中国，尤其是现代中国的了解并不多。我在美国读了一年中学和一年高中，所以我不能说人人都不了解中国，但从我的个人经验来看，情况就是这样。中国总是以非盟友的身份出现，有时在朝鲜(专题)战争等章节中也会成为敌人。这就是美国政治操纵公众思想的方式。在某种程度上，你看不到它，潜移默化，它就在那里。

　　The elite established a learning path for ordinary people, and many things were ignored along the way. One example I can think of is the second language education in the United States. California, Texas, Florida and other states have a large Hispanic population, so speaking Spanish is a normal thing, but for other states, it is not so much.

　　精英们为普通人建立了一条学习道路，一路上很多事情都被忽视了。我能想到的一个例子是美国的第二语言教育。加利福尼亚州、得克萨斯州和佛罗里达州等州都有大量的西班牙裔人口，所以说西班牙语是一件正常的事，但对其他州来说，就不那么多了。

　　Although I have lived in the United States for about 7 or 8 years, I still don't know how the television organization works. I mean the channels and programs they broadcast. Maybe I didn't spend much time on it, but I prefer China's structure → province → city → county. You can see the local news and know what happened in other places. With the existence of microblogging, news spreads quickly.

　　虽然我在美国生活了大约7或8年，但我仍然搞不清楚电视机构是如何工作的。我指的是他们播出的频道和节目。也许我没有花太多时间研究，但我更喜欢中国的结构→省的→城市→县你可以看到当地新闻，也可以知道其他地方发生了什么。加上微博的存在，新闻传播速度很快。

　　In the United States, a large part of the TV channels you can get from one place are local news. Only channels like CNN broadcast news 24 hours a day, but they are biased. You can find many answers on Quora, suggesting why the western media are biased. I won't repeat them here. Look at Megyn Kelly's last interview with Vladimir Putin, and you will know how obvious their orientation is.

　　在美国，你可以从一个地方获得的电视频道中有很大一部分是本地新闻，只有像CNN这样的频道24小时不间断播放新闻，但他们是有偏见的。你可以在Quora上找到很多答案，暗示西方媒体为什么有偏见，我这里不多赘述。看看梅根·凯利（Megyn Kelly）对弗拉基米尔·普京（Vladimir Putin）的最后一次采访，你会知道他们的导向性有多明显。

　　So, you mix these three things together. You don't know the language spoken in China, and you can't get first-hand materials. Then you hardly heard any news, at least no positive news from this country. In the end, you can't understand this country and its true image through your media, and how can you see China's influence. Just like living in a cocoon room, it is difficult to see the real situation around you with layers of highly intensified misleading information.

　　所以，你把这三样东西混合在一起。你不知道中国说的语言，你得不到第一手材料。然后你几乎没有听到任何消息，至少没有听到这个国家的积极消息。最终，你无法通过你的媒体了解这个国家及其真实形象，你如何才能看到中国的影响力。就像生活在一个茧房中，一层又一层高强化的误导性信息，很难看清你周围的真实情况。

　　In addition, count all the things made in China in your family. You can try them yourself, and you will immediately understand the influence of China.

　　此外清点一下家庭中所有中国制造的东西，你可以自己尝试，你会立即了解中国的影响力。

　　In addition, one thing I want to say to many Americans is that we are in an era of globalization. Hollywood and bulletin boards are the most famous soft power production websites. Not everyone grew up with Hollywood movies and bulletin board music. There are many people on this planet who live in different ways from you, so why not try to see it with your own eyes? What you can't see doesn't mean it doesn't exist.

　　此外，我想对许多美国人说的一件事是，我们正处于一个全球化时代，好莱坞和公告牌是最著名的软实力制作网站，并不是每个人都伴随着好莱坞电影和公告牌音乐长大。这个星球上有很多人生活在与你不同的生活方式中，所以为什么不试着亲眼看看呢？你看不到的东西并不意味着它们不存在。

　　中国网友郭晓明的回答

　　This is actually a very typical problem.

　　这实际上是一个很典型的问题。

　　As a Chinese student in Germany, I read a book about how to build an industrial power - "Made in Germany". This book is not well written, but the key point is that when Democratic Germany and Federal Germany separated, the Federal German government had decided to establish the reputation of manufacturing the best quality products, and Germany has been doing so since reunification. Therefore, they have won the reputation of "Made in Germany", which is now known to all.

　　作为一名现在德国的中国学生，我读了一本关于如何打造工业强国的书——“德国制造”。这本书写得不太好，但重点是，在民主德国和联邦德国分立时，联邦德国政府已经决定树立制造最佳质量产品的声誉，在统一后，德国一直这样做。因此，他们赢得了如今众所周知的“德国制造”的声誉。

　　Speaking of China, from my point of view, they have not reached this stage. In other words, they do not know how to establish or set the tone of product soft power

　　说到中国，从我的观点来看，他们还没有走到这一阶段。也就是说，他们不清楚如何建立或设定产品软实力的基调。

　　As you said, you are an American and have a rich life, so on the material level, you have many choices. For example, you don't have to worry about the cost performance of Huawei or Apple. Maybe you will give more consideration to the design and status symbol brought by the product, so you will not be greatly affected in the material level.

　　正如你所说，你是美国人，生活富足，所以在物质层面上，你有很多选择。例如，你不必纠结选择华为还是苹果那样考虑太多的性价比。也许你会更多地考虑产品带来的设计和地位象征，因此，你不会在物质层面受到太大的影响。

　　Here, I don't know much about the capital operation between the two countries, so I can't say that Chinese capital plays an important role in American society, so I stay on the surface of daily life.

　　在这里，我对两国之间的资本运作没有太多了解，所以我不能说中国资本在美国社会中扮演了重要角色，所以我停留在日常生活的表面。

　　Back to soft power. Soft power can be cultural influence, ideology, etc.

　　回到软实力。软实力可以是文化影响力、意识形态等。

　　I think it is fair to say that, in the ideological sense, understanding certain situations always requires social and cultural backgrounds. I believe that because most Americans lack background information, it is difficult to proceed from an objective perspective. It's natural to explain it the way you grew up or the way you feel comfortable.

　　我认为可以公平地说，在意识形态意义上，理解某些情况总是需要社会和文化背景，我认为，由于大多数美国人缺乏背景信息，很难从客观角度出发。用你成长的方式或你觉得舒服的方式来解释是很自然的。

　　I think it also applies to politics, which is exactly what you believe. Nothing is absolutely wrong or correct.

　　我认为这也适用于政治，这正是你所相信的，没有什么是绝对错误或正确的。

　　And culture. Taking the design field I studied as an example, I would like to say that the Chinese are not good at showing our own culture.

　　还有文化方面。就以我所学习的设计领域为例，我想这样说，中国人在展示我们自己的文化方面做得不好。

　　In other words, the Chinese failed to present Chinese culture in a way that Western people can understand and accept. The following is the logo designed by Xie Jianjun, an outstanding Chinese designer:

　　换言之，中国人没能以西方人民能够理解和接受的方式呈现中国文化。下面是一位出色的中国设计师谢建军设计的标志：

　　This logo is designed for sanxiang san company to make Buddha statues and burn incense. The three strokes in the logo are similar to the painting techniques in traditional Chinese painting, creating mountain scenery in clouds, which is appreciated by Chinese aesthetic taste. But the most important thing is that it conveys a philosophy of life. There are three periods when we can see different things. I'm sorry, I can only translate directly.

　　此徽标是为sanxiangsan（三•香•三）公司设计的, 用以制作佛像和烧香等，而标志中的三个笔画类似于中国传统绘画中的绘画技巧，创造了云雾中的山脉景色，这一点受到了中国审美趣味的赞赏。但最重要的是，它传达了一种人生哲学思想，有三个时期可以看到不同的东西。很抱歉，我只能直接翻译。

　　1. Mountain is mountain, and water is water;

　　1.看山是山，看水是水；

　　2. Mountain is not mountain, and water is not water;

　　2.看山不是山，看水不是水；

　　3. Look at mountains and water.

　　3.看山还是山，看水还是水。

　　People say that this represents "material, spiritual and spiritual", which is the three levels of life. However, many Chinese like me cannot understand this, let alone Westerners without cultural environment, or they don't care.

　　人们说这代表着“物质、精神、灵魂”这是人生三层境界，可很多像我这样的中国人也无法理解这一点，更不用说没有文化环境的西方人了，或者他们根本不在乎。

　　Therefore, the scope and depth of Chinese culture itself makes it a very difficult task to integrate some cultural brands as a whole.

　　因此，中国文化本身的范围和深度，使得整体整合做一些文化品牌是一项非常棘手的工作。

　　It's like you want to go to a Chinese restaurant (please don't say sweet and sour sauce or Beijing roast duck), where there are Cantonese, Sichuan, Huaiyang and Shandong cuisine. Choose one to introduce Chinese food? This is an impossible task.

　　这就像你想去一家中国餐馆（请不要说甜酸酱或北京烤鸭），那里有粤菜、四川菜、淮扬菜和鲁菜。挑一个来介绍中国菜？这是不可能完成的任务。

　　Therefore, you will not feel the influence of China or Chinese culture. We are not good at exerting our influence. China's soft power is not enough to impress you.

　　因此，你不会感受到中国或中国文化的影响，我们在发挥影响力方面做得不好，中国的软实力并不足以打动你。