被预言的谋杀（1）

Before he began, in the spring of 2009, to prophesy his own murder, there was little to suggest that he might meet a violent end. Rosenberg, who had four children, was an affectionate father. The head of his own flourishing practice, he had a reputation as an indefatigable and charismatic lawyer who had a gift for leading other people where he wanted them to go. He was lithe and handsome, though his shiny black hair had fallen out on top, leaving an immaculate ring on the sides. Words were his way of ordering the jostle of life. He spoke in eloquent bursts, using his voice like an instrument, his hands and eyebrows rising and falling to accentuate each note. (It didn’t matter if he was advocating the virtues of the Guatemalan constitution or of his favorite band, Santana.) Ferociously intelligent, he had earned master’s degrees in law from both Harvard University and Cambridge University.

　　2009年春，他尚未预言自己被害命运之前，很难看出他会终结于暴力之手。罗森博格有四个小孩，是位和蔼可亲的父亲。他自己当老板，业务蒸蒸日上，作为律师，他素以不屈不挠和魅力不凡而享有盛誉，而且在领导与指挥别人上颇有天赋。他身形矫捷，英俊帅气，只是黑黝黝的头发已经开始秃顶，在四周留下光光的一圈。言辞是他的谋生之道。他善于雄辩，妙语连珠，说起话来又像乐器一般悦耳，配上手与眉的或抑或扬，话音尤显铿锵有力。（不论是为危地马拉宪法摇旗呐喊，还是为钟爱的乐队桑塔纳大声叫好，他都是如此表现。）智力超群的他在哈佛和剑桥都拿到了法律硕士学位。
2

Rosenberg had been born into Guatemala’s oligarchy—a term that still applies to the semi-feudal Central American nation, where more than half of its fourteen million people, many of them Mayan, live in severe poverty. His mother had inherited a small fortune, and his father had acquired several businesses, including a popular chain of cinemas. (As a boy, Rosenberg had spent hours in the plush seats, entranced by the latest American films.) Rosenberg was accustomed to privilege. A car enthusiast, he drove a Mercedes and made an annual pilgrimage to Indianapolis to watch Formula 1 races. He had been married twice but was now single, living in an elegant high-rise overlooking Guatemala City.

　　罗森博格生于危地马拉的寡头之家，寡头这一术语仍然适用于这个半封建的中美洲国家，该国1400万人口中超过半数（他们中许多是玛雅人）生活极度贫困。他母亲继承了一大笔钱，父亲则获得了数份产业，包括一家大众连锁影院。（还是小孩时，罗森博格就在影院的毛绒座椅上度过了不少时间，他对最新的美国影片痴迷不已。）罗森博格养尊处优可谓习以为常。作为汽车发烧友，他开着一辆奔驰车，每年都远赴印第安纳波利斯去观看F1方程式大赛。他结过两次婚，不过现在是单身，从他居住的豪华高层楼房里，可以俯瞰危地马拉城。

Though his wealth allowed him a desultory life, he was “driven and motivated by his goals,” as a relative put it. When he began his studies at Cambridge, he had spoken almost no English, so Rosenberg informed his professors that he had recently undergone surgery on his vocal cords, and could not yet talk in class; in the meantime, he bought a television and watched it each night with closed-captioning until, after three months, he spoke with confidence.

　　虽然他的财富足够让他过上衣食无忧的生活，但如一名亲属所言，他“有自己的奋斗目标，这一直鞭策和激励着他”。刚进剑桥的时候，他几乎不会说英语，于是罗森博格对他的教授说，他声带刚做过手术，目前还不能在课上讲话；与此同时，他买来电视，关掉字幕，每晚观看，三个月后，他已经能熟练自如地讲英语了。

He was not a religious man, but he maintained a stark sense of good and evil, castigating others, as well as himself, for transgressions. When he was a child, his father had abandoned the family, a betrayal that Rosenberg had never forgiven; he even refused to accept an inheritance that his father had left him. One of Rosenberg’s closest friends noted that, if he thought you had crossed him, he could be brutal: “He was always very honest—sometimes, perhaps, too honest. He would say things that are true, but sometimes things that are true that you shouldn’t mention.” Though Guatemala’s judicial system was notoriously corrupt, Rosenberg was drawn to the clarity of the law, to its unflinching judgment. He argued, successfully, before the Constitutional Court, Guatemala’s equivalent of the U.S. Supreme Court, and in 1998 he became the vice-dean of a prominent law school. At the same time, he served as counsel for some of Guatemala’s most powerful élites—its coffee barons and corporate executives and government officials.

　　他不信教，但善恶分明，既严于律人，也严于律己。当他还是个孩子时，他父亲抛弃了家庭，对于这场背叛，罗森博格一直刻骨铭心；他甚至拒绝接受父亲留给他的遗产。罗森博格最亲密的朋友谈到，若他认为你反对他，他会残酷无情：“他总是非常直率，不过有时候，可能直率过了头。他会说，这些是对的，但有时候事情即使是对的，你也不该提。”尽管危地马拉司法系统的贪污腐败是出了名的，罗森博格依然对法律的明晰和确定不移的判决倾心不已。在宪法法院（危地马拉相当于美国最高法院的机构）上，他的辩论大获成功，1998年，他成为一所知名法律学院的副院长。同时，他还在危地马拉一些权势煊赫的精英人士（咖啡巨头、企业总裁和政府官员们）那儿担任法律顾问。

And, according to Rosenberg, it was a case involving one of these clients, Khalil Musa, that had placed his life in jeopardy. A Lebanese immigrant, Musa had risen from poverty to great wealth, manufacturing textiles and producing coffee. Stern, traditional, and hardworking, he liked to recite the inspirational poetry of Khalil Gibran, and was admired as one of the few magnates in Guatemala who refused to plunder the state or make payoffs for favorable deals. At seventy-six, he suffered from vertigo, and he increasingly relied on the younger of his two daughters, Marjorie, to help him manage his business. Marjorie, who was forty-two, was married with two children, and she had an easy ebullience that infused her simple features with beauty. She had mastered the intricacies of finishing fabrics, and she had always been—as her sister, Aziza, acknowledges, without rancor—their father’s favorite.

　　据罗森博格称，这些客户当中有一位叫卡里尔·穆萨（Khalil Musa），正是牵涉到他的一件案子将自己的生命置于危险境地。穆萨是黎巴嫩移民，出身贫穷，却挣下了万贯家财，他的生意主要是纺织与咖啡制造。他是个严苛、传统而又勤勉的人，喜爱背诵纪伯伦鼓舞人心的诗篇，在危地马拉，他是少数几位受人尊崇的巨头之一，他不会因有利可图而蠹蚀国家或大行贿赂。76岁的他患有眩晕症，日益依赖于两个女儿中的妹妹马约莉（Marjorie），马约莉时年42岁，已婚，有两个小孩，她生性单纯，热情洋溢的性格为之更添一份魅力。她精通纺织印染的复杂工艺，她姐姐阿齐萨（Aziza）毫无私怨地承认，妹妹向来都是父亲的掌上明珠。

Musa lived in an affluent neighborhood of Guatemala City, and Marjorie often drove him from their factory, on the outskirts of the capital, home for lunch. On April 14, 2009, they had set out on such a routine trip. The rainy season was a few weeks away, and so clouds had not obscured the steep volcanic cones that tower over the city, periodically showering the streets with ash. When Marjorie stopped at a red light, just outside the factory, a man got out of a car behind her and approached the Musas’ vehicle from the passenger side, as if to ask a question. He then aimed a 9-mm. pistol at Musa, and opened fire—a blur of smoke and light. The gunman sprinted to a motorcycle, where a driver was waiting for him, and hopped on the back seat. They sped away. The stoplight in front of the Musas’ car turned green, then red, and then green again, but the car remained in place, the engine still rumbling. One of the tinted windows on the passenger side had shattered, revealing father and daughter lying in one another’s blood. They had both been shot in the chest. The police arrived within minutes, but by then they were dead.

　　穆萨住在危地马拉城一个富裕小区里，马约莉经常开车从位于首都郊外的工厂载着他回家吃午饭。2009年4月14日，他们跟往常一样又启程了。离雨季还有几个星期，城市周围高耸而险峻的火山还不见云雾缭绕，不时会有火山灰掉落到大街上。出工厂没多远，当马约莉在一处红灯前停下时，一名男子从她身后的车里钻出来，接近了穆萨汽车的乘客位置，像是要问路。他随即掏出9毫米手枪对准了穆萨，枪响处，一抹烟雾和火光迸射而出。枪手飞奔向一辆摩托车，那儿有一名车手已经在等候，他跃上后座，摩托车疾驰而去。穆萨车前方的交通灯变绿，又变红，再变绿，车却丝毫未动，引擎还在隆隆作响。乘客座位一侧有扇染色玻璃已经粉碎，可以看到父亲与女儿倒在血泊之中。他们都是胸部中弹。警察几分钟后赶到，不过那时他们都已命丧黄泉。

Rosenberg had frequently expressed despair over the violence that consumed Guatemala. In 2007, a joint study by the United Nations and the World Bank ranked it as the third most murderous country. Between 2000 and 2009, the number of killings rose steadily, ultimately reaching sixty-four hundred. The murder rate was nearly four times higher than Mexico’s. In 2009, fewer civilians were reported killed in the war zone of Iraq than were shot, stabbed, or beaten to death in Guatemala.

　　对于吞噬危地马拉的暴力，罗森博格常常感到绝望。2007年，在联合国与世界银行的一项联合调查中，危地马拉名列全球凶杀最严重国家的第三位。2000至2009年间，被害者数目逐年稳定增长，最终达到了6400人。该国的谋杀率将近比墨西哥高出4倍。2009年，伊拉克战区报告罹难的平民数量甚至要少于危地马拉被枪杀、刺杀或殴打至死的人数。

The violence can be traced to a civil war between the state and leftist rebels, a three-decade struggle that, from 1960 to 1996, was the dirtiest of Latin America’s dirty wars. More than two hundred thousand people were killed or “disappeared.” According to a U.N.-sponsored commission, at least ninety per cent of the killings were carried out by the state’s military forces or by paramilitary death squads with names like Eye for an Eye. One witness said, “What we have seen has been terrible: burned corpses; women impaled and buried, as if they were animals ready for the spit, all doubled up; and children massacred and carved up with machetes.” The state’s counter-insurgency strategy, known as “drain the sea to kill the fish,” culminated in what the commission deemed acts of genocide.

　　暴力活动可追溯至政府军与左翼叛军的内战，从1960年至1996年，战争持续了30多年，堪称拉美肮脏战争中的极致。累计有超过20万人被害或“失踪”。据联合国资助的一个委员会统计，至少90%的杀害是政府军或准军事组织——“以眼还眼”之类行刑队所为。据一名目击者透露，“惨景历历在目：燃烧的尸体、钉死和活埋的女人，仿佛他们是动物一样，随时都可能被屠戮，甚至变本加厉，儿童遭到大肆屠杀，就直接拿着大砍刀劈的。”该国的戡乱战略以“赶尽杀绝”著称，委员会认定这归根结底是种族灭绝的暴行。

In 1996, the government reached a peace accord with the rebels, and it was supposed to mark a new era of democracy and rule of law. But amnesty was granted for even the worst crimes, leaving no one accountable. (Critics called the policy “the piñata of self-forgiveness.”) In 1998, the Guatemalan Archdiocese’s Office of Human Rights, led by Bishop Juan Gerardi, released a four-volume report, “Guatemala: Never Again,” which documented hundreds of crimes against humanity, identifying some perpetrators by name. Two days later, Gerardi was bludgeoned to death, a murder that was eventually revealed to be part of a conspiracy involving military officers.

　　1996年，政府与叛军达成和平协议，本以为这标志着民主法治的新时代即将来临。但是，即使那些罪大恶极的犯人也被大赦，谁都不用承担责任。（批评家称该政策为“自我宽恕的皮纳塔【译注：皮纳塔是拉丁美洲特有的一种泥制彩色装饰品，此处用来形容该政策的华而不实和不堪一击】”）1998年，由主教胡安·杰拉尔迪（Juan Gerardi）领导的危地马拉总教区人权办公室发布了一份长达四卷的报告《危地马拉：前车之鉴》，其中记录了违反人权的数百项罪行，并注明了作恶者的姓名。两天之后，杰拉尔迪就被乱棒打死，最后发现，这次凶杀是阴谋策划好的，参与密谋的就有军官。

After the peace accord, the state’s security apparatus—death squads, intelligence units, police officers, military counter-insurgency forces—did not disappear but, rather, mutated into criminal organizations. Amounting to a parallel state, these illicit networks engage in arms trafficking, money laundering, extortion, human smuggling, black-market adoptions, and kidnapping for ransom. The networks also control an exploding drug trade. Latin America’s cartels, squeezed by the governments of Colombia and Mexico, have found an ideal sanctuary in Guatemala, and most of the cocaine entering America now passes through the country. Criminal networks have infiltrated virtually every government and law-enforcement agency, and more than half the country is no longer believed to be under the control of any government at all. Citizens, deprived of justice, often form lynch mobs, or they resolve disputes, even trivial ones, by hiring assassins.

　　和平协议缔结之后，该国的安全机构——行刑队、情报机关、警官、军方戡乱部队——并未消亡，而是突变为犯罪组织。这些非法网络好比是另一个并行的国度，武器走私、洗钱、敲诈勒索、偷渡、黑市贩卖人口和绑架索赎，简直无恶不作。这些网络所控制的毒品交易迅速扩大。拉美犯罪集团在哥伦比亚和墨西哥遭到严厉打击，却在危地马拉找到了理想的避难所，绝大多数进入美国的可卡因现在都经由该国周转。犯罪网络几乎渗透到每一政府及司法机构，该国半数以上的人完全不认为政府在管事。那些享受不到司法公正的平民常常沦为私刑暴民，或者他们靠雇佣杀手来解决争端，哪怕是琐碎小事也不例外。

Some authorities have revived the darkest counter-insurgency tactics, rounding up undesirables and executing them. Incredibly, the death rate in Guatemala is now higher than it was for much of the civil war. And there is almost absolute impunity: ninety-seven per cent of homicides remain unsolved, the killers free to kill again. In 2007, a U.N. official declared, “Guatemala is a good place to commit a murder, because you will almost certainly get away with it.”

　　有的当局重新恢复了最黑暗的戡乱手段，把那些不受欢迎者聚拢起来，然后统一处决。不可思议的是，如今危地马拉的死亡率甚至比内战大部分时间都高。而且杀人到了肆无忌惮的地步：97%的凶杀至今是悬案，杀手随意便可再开杀戒。2007年，一位联合国官员称，“危地马拉就是谋杀的天堂，因为你几乎笃定可以逍遥法外。”

After Rosenberg heard that the Musas had been shot, he rushed to the scene. Luis Mendizábal, a longtime friend and client of Rosenberg’s, told me, “I asked him to come and pick me up, so we could go to the place together. He said, ‘No, no, no. I’m not going to lose any time. I’m going directly.’ So he went. He couldn’t believe it. Then he came back over here, and cried, easily, for two hours.” His oldest son, Eduardo, who was twenty-four, told me that it was only the second time he had seen his father break down, the first being when Rosenberg revealed that he was separating from Eduardo’s mother. He seemed “completely destroyed” by the Musas’ deaths, Eduardo recalled.

　　得知穆萨父女被枪杀，罗森博格匆匆赶往现场。路易斯·蒙迪扎巴尔（Luis Mendizábal）是罗森博格的老友和客户，他对我说，“我要他过来捎我一起去，这样我们就能一块赶到那儿。但他说，‘不，不，不。我不能浪费一点时间，我要直接赶过去。’这样他就去了。他不敢相信眼前所见。后来他又返回那儿，放声大哭，足足哭了两个小时。”他的长子爱德华多（Eduardo）现年24岁，他告诉我，除了与爱德华多母亲分手时之外，这还是第二次他看到父亲如此形神俱毁。爱德华多回忆道，穆萨父女之死似乎“彻底摧垮”了他。

Though the crime was horrific, Rosenberg’s deeply emotional reaction was surprising. Musa was not a big client or someone he knew that well. Then Rosenberg told his son a secret: for more than a year, he and Marjorie had been having an affair.

　　尽管罪行可怖，但罗森博格极度的情感反应还是令人意外。穆萨不是个大客户，与他交往也不甚深。后来罗森博格告诉了儿子一个秘密：一年多来，他一直与马约莉有染。

They had planned to marry, but had not wanted to disclose their relationship until Marjorie got a divorce. Almost every day, they had exchanged text messages. On March 3, 2009, five weeks before the shooting, Marjorie wrote to Rosenberg, “I love you like I’ve never loved before. And, yes, I will marry you.” A few days later, she said, “Good night my love, my prince, my whole life. You don’t know how much I love you, how much I adore you, and how much I need you. You are so tender with me. And you’re the sweetest man I know.” She added, “I’m dying to live the rest of my life at your side.” He called her “my Marjorie de Rosenberg” and told her that she gave him “the strength to be a better man” and that they were “living an incredible love story.” Hours before she was killed, he ended a message with the words “Your prince forever.”

　　他们计划结婚，不过打算等马约莉离婚之后再公布他们的关系。几乎每天他们都在互发短信。2009年3月3日，枪击发生5周之前，马约莉写给罗森博格，“我爱你，我从未爱过这么深。是的，我要嫁给你。”几天之后，她又说，“晚安，我的爱人，我的王子，我的全部生命。你不知道我有多么爱你，多么恋你，多么需要你。你对我温柔备至，你是我所知道的最甜蜜的男人。”末了还添一句，“我渴望余生与你作伴。”他唤她“我罗森博格家的马约莉”，并告诉她，是她给了他“不断进步的力量”，而且他们“活在一个妙不可言的爱情故事里。”就在被害前的几个小时，他还在一条消息的末尾署下“你永远的王子”。

In tears, Rosenberg told his son, “They killed her! They killed her!” He told Mendizábal the same thing, repeating the words over and over.

　　眼含热泪，罗森博格对他儿子说，“他们杀了她！他们杀了她！”他向蒙迪扎巴尔讲述了同样的事情，一遍又一遍地念叨着这句话。

The shootings unnerved the most powerful members of Guatemalan society. Khalil Musa knew Guatemala’s President, Álvaro Colom, who had also worked in the textile industry; Marjorie was a good friend of Gustavo Alejos, who was Colom’s private secretary, and whose brother was the head of Congress. An adviser to President Colom told me, “If the Musas could be killed, there was a sense that anyone could be.”

　　枪杀让危地马拉社会最有权势的人物都感到紧张不安。穆萨认识危地马拉总统阿尔瓦罗·科罗姆（Álvaro Colom），且总统也在纺织行业干过；马约莉是科罗姆私人秘书古斯塔沃·阿莱霍斯（Gustavo Alejos）的好友，而古斯塔沃的哥哥是国会领导人。科罗姆总统的一名顾问告诉我，“如果穆萨父女都能被害，那给人的感觉就是谁都无法幸免了。”

Thousands of people showed up for the Musas’ funeral, Alejos among them. Rosenberg, concerned that his affair with Marjorie might cause a scandal, stood outside the chapel, watching from a distance. A few days later, Rosenberg received a call from a jeweller, who informed him that Marjorie had ordered a gift for him before her death—a wedding ring. “This is the message she sent me,” he told Mendizábal.

　　数千人出席了穆萨的葬礼，阿莱霍斯也在其中。罗森博格担心他与马约莉的韵事会引发丑闻，只好站在教堂外，远远地观望。几天之后，罗森博格接到珠宝商的电话，说马约莉生前订了一份礼物送给他——一枚结婚戒指。“这是她发给我的信号，”他对蒙迪扎巴尔说。